Sometimes I wonder if Jim and I spend more time and gas looking for cheap places to shop, than we do saving money. One of trips to Clarksville involved finding an Aldi store, where we really like to shop, because we save major dollars. Low and behold, right next to the Aldi store is a Dollar Tree store, so I think we do save money, although it is a long trip. On the road there we kept seeing a sign that said Ft. Defiance, we couldn't figure it out, but decided on a day off we would drive back over and explore.
Little did we realize the importance of Clarksville in the Civil War and thus, we began another "learning" lesson. Clarksville sits on the Cumberland River and Ft. Defiance sits on a bluff, 200 feet above the Cumberland River and Red River. Originally the site was held by Indians, but as settlers began arriving in the late18th century, this area became a trading center and a frontier settlement. The city of Clarksville itself was settled largely by soldiers from the Revolutionary War, who were given tracks of land in compensation for the pay they never received.
From the information in the visitor's center we learned that Tennessee at first did not choose to be on the Confederate side but soon changed their minds. I can't find information to substantiate that however. There was a lot of information about what an important port it was on the Cumberland River and how there were many shipments of goods that went down the Mississippi River to New Orleans and up the Ohio River to Pittsburg. This area was a major producer of tobacco, so slave labor was very much needed. Clarksville also had four roads and a railroad line that came through it making it a very important trade route. The Confederates set up three camps around the city to protect it since it was highly prized for it's important trade and supply routes.
During the Civil War the Confederates chose the hilltop as one place to build a fort to defend the river approach to Clarksville. However, it didn't last long, because in 1862, Union Troops captured the Fort and renamed it Ft. Bruce. It wasn't much of a battle to take it, from what I can see, because most of the Confederate Troops had left the area and just the town population was left behind. The Confederates did try to burn a railroad bridge that was crucial to transportation of goods prior to leaving Clarksville but it didn't take hold and was quickly put out. Union troops sent in troops, gunboats and two Ironclads to capture the area. Union troops considered this area very strategic because of the river and railroad. The USS Cairo and one other ironclad came down the river and captured the city. The Cairo remained tied up in Clarksville for a couple of days before it headed down river to participate in the capture of Nashville.
One of amazing things about Ft. Defiance was that it became the "go to" place for runaway slaves and freedmen. They often were employed in and around the fort. One display that we saw, showed a white couple being asked to show their "ID" prior to entering the fort and a former slave was the one checking it. I'm sure that there were difficult adjustments to be made on both sides.
We didn't walk the whole trail because it was a very steep walk that led down to the river and around, and these old people weren't into that, on a day that the humidity made it feel like 105 degrees.
It was an interesting stop and helped us understand more about the Civil War. Little did we know that the town we chose to shop in, had a history of being important for that same thing, for many, many years.
View overlooking Clarksville from Ft. Defiance |
Jim standing with a canon from Ft. Defiance |
Entrance to Ft. Defiance |
Confederate Generals |
Union Generals |